GENERAL DESCRIPTION

The ALD810024/ALD910024 are members of the ALD8100xx

(quad) and ALD9100xx (dual) family of Supercapacitor Auto Balancing

MOSFETs, or SAB™ MOSFETs. SAB MOSFETs are built

with production proven EPAD® technology and are designed to address

voltage and leakage-current balancing of supercapacitors

connected in series. Supercapacitors, also known as ultracapacitors

or supercaps, connected in series can be leakage-current balanced

by using a combination of one or more devices connected across

each supercapacitor stack to prevent over-voltages.

The ALD810024 offers a set of unique, precise operating voltage

and current characteristics for each of four SAB MOSFET devices,

as shown in its Operating Electrical Characteristics table. It can be

used to balance up to four supercapacitors connected in series.

The ALD910024 has its own set of unique precision Operating Electrical

Characteristics for each of its two SAB MOSFET devices,

suitable for up to two series-connected supercapacitors.

Each SAB MOSFET features a precision gate threshold voltage in

the Vt mode, which is 2.40V when the gate-drain source terminals

(VGS = VDS) are connected together at a drain-source current of

IDS(ON) = 1μA. In this mode, input voltage VIN = VGS = VDS. Different

VIN produces an Output Current IOUT = IDS(ON) characteristic

and results in an effective variable resistor that varies in value

exponentially with VIN. This VIN, when connected across each

supercapacitor in a series, balances each supercapacitor to within

its voltage and current limits.

When VIN = 2.40V is applied to an ALD810024/ALD910024, its

IOUT is 1μA. For a 100mV increase in VIN, to 2.50V, IOUT increases

by about tenfold. For an additional increase in VIN to 2.62V for the

ALD910024 (2.64V for the ALD810024), IOUT increases one hundredfold,

to 100μA. Conversely, for a 100mV decrease in VIN to

2.30V, IOUT decreases to one tenth of its previous value, to 0.1μA.

Another 100mV decrease in input voltage would reduce IOUT to

0.01μA. Hence, when an ALD810024/ALD910024 SAB MOSFET

is connected across a supercapacitor that charges to less than

2.20V, it would dissipate essentially no power.

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FEATURES & BENEFITS

• Simple and economical to use

• Precision factory trimmed

• Automatically regulates and balances leakage currents

• Effective for supercapacitor charge-balancing

• Balances up to 4 supercaps with a single IC package

• Balances 2-cell, 3-cell, 4-cell series-connected supercaps

• Scalable to larger supercap stacks and arrays

• Near zero additional leakage currents

• Zero leakage at 0.3V below rated voltages

• Balances series and/or parallel-connected supercaps

• Leakage currents are exponential function of cell voltages

• Active current ranges from 1000μA

• Always active, always fast response time

• Minimizes leakage currents and power dissipation

APPLICATIONS

• Series-connected supercapacitor cell leakage balancing

• Energy harvesting

• Long term backup battery with supercapacitor outputs

• Zero-power voltage divider at selected voltages

• Matched current mirrors and current sources

• Zero-power mode maximum voltage limiter

• Scaled supercapacitor stacks and arrays